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<!doctype html><html lang="zh-CN"><head><meta charset="utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1" /><meta name="generator" content="VuePress 2.0.0-rc.24" /><meta name="theme" content="VuePress Theme Plume 1.0.0-rc.164" /><script id="check-mac-os">document.documentElement.classList.toggle('mac', /Mac|iPhone|iPod|iPad/i.test(navigator.platform))</script><script id="check-dark-mode">;(function () {const um= localStorage.getItem('vuepress-theme-appearance') || 'auto';const sm = window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches;const isDark = um === 'dark' || (um !== 'light' && sm);document.documentElement.dataset.theme = isDark ? 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仲夏夜之梦</title><meta name="description" content="本教程将介绍如何使用 Docker 快速部署一个 MongoDB 实例。 在 Ubuntu 上部署 MongoDB:4.2 实例 我们先拉取 MongoDB:4.2 镜像： 创建一个目录用于存储 MongoDB 数据： 启动 MongoDB 容器： 命令详解： --restart=always：容器重启时自动启动。 -itd：交互式模式运行容器，后台模..."><link rel="preload" href="/assets/style-PWY98LJg.css" as="style"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/style-PWY98LJg.css"><link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/app-CQAzKwUf.js"><link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/index.html-BVQ7JXti.js"></head><body><div id="app"><!--[--><!--[--><div class="theme-plume vp-layout" vp-container data-v-f73ca3da><!--[--><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><span tabindex="-1" data-v-17e3d305></span><a href="#VPContent" class="vp-skip-link visually-hidden" data-v-17e3d305> Skip to content </a><!--]--><!----><header class="vp-nav" data-v-f73ca3da data-v-e98a6132><div class="vp-navbar" vp-navbar data-v-e98a6132 data-v-2c31ea5e><div class="wrapper" data-v-2c31ea5e><div class="container" data-v-2c31ea5e><div class="title" data-v-2c31ea5e><div 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breadcrumb" href="/" property="item" typeof="WebPage" data-v-1ae4ad7a><!--[-->首页<!--]--><!----></a><span class="vpi-chevron-right" data-v-1ae4ad7a></span><meta property="name" content="首页" data-v-1ae4ad7a><meta property="position" content="1" data-v-1ae4ad7a></li><li property="itemListElement" typeof="ListItem" data-v-1ae4ad7a><span class="vp-link breadcrumb" property="item" typeof="WebPage" data-v-1ae4ad7a><!--[-->数据库相关<!--]--><!----></span><span class="vpi-chevron-right" data-v-1ae4ad7a></span><meta property="name" content="数据库相关" data-v-1ae4ad7a><meta property="position" content="2" data-v-1ae4ad7a></li><li property="itemListElement" typeof="ListItem" data-v-1ae4ad7a><a class="vp-link link breadcrumb current" href="/ops/docker/db/mongodb/" property="item" typeof="WebPage" data-v-1ae4ad7a><!--[-->使用 Docker 部署 MongoDB<!--]--><!----></a><!----><meta property="name" content="使用 Docker 部署 MongoDB" data-v-1ae4ad7a><meta property="position" content="3" data-v-1ae4ad7a></li><!--]--></ol></nav><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><h1 class="vp-doc-title page-title" data-v-ba8d1a1e><!----> 使用 Docker 部署 MongoDB <!----></h1><div class="vp-doc-meta" data-v-ba8d1a1e><!--[--><!--]--><p class="reading-time" data-v-ba8d1a1e><span class="vpi-books icon" data-v-ba8d1a1e></span><span data-v-ba8d1a1e>约 352 字</span><span data-v-ba8d1a1e>大约 1 分钟</span></p><!----><!--[--><!--]--><p class="create-time" data-v-ba8d1a1e><span class="vpi-clock icon" data-v-ba8d1a1e></span><span data-v-ba8d1a1e>2025-12-24</span></p></div><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--><div class="_ops_docker_db_mongodb_ external-link-icon-enabled vp-doc plume-content" vp-content data-v-23f6ad98><!--[--><!--]--><div data-v-23f6ad98><p>本教程将介绍如何使用 Docker 快速部署一个 MongoDB 实例。</p><h2 id="在-ubuntu-上部署-mongodb-4-2-实例" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#在-ubuntu-上部署-mongodb-4-2-实例"><span>在 Ubuntu 上部署 MongoDB:4.2 实例</span></a></h2><p>我们先拉取 MongoDB:4.2 镜像：</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">docker</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> pull</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> mongo:4.2</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>创建一个目录用于存储 MongoDB 数据：</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">mkdir</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> /data/mongo/</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>启动 MongoDB 容器：</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> docker</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> run</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> --restart=always</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -itd</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> --name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> mongo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> 27018:27017</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -v</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> /data/mongo/:/data/db</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> mongo:4.2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> --auth</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>命令详解：</p><ul><li><code>--restart=always</code>：容器重启时自动启动。</li><li><code>-itd</code>：交互式模式运行容器，后台模式。</li><li><code>--name mongo</code>：为容器命名为 mongo。</li><li><code>-p 27018:27017</code>：将主机的 27018 端口映射到容器的 27017 端口。</li><li><code>-v /data/mongo/:/data/db</code>：将主机的 /data/mongo/ 目录挂载到容器的 /data/db 目录，用于持久化存储数据。</li><li><code>mongo:4.2</code>：使用 MongoDB:4.2 镜像。</li><li><code>--auth</code>：启用身份验证功能。</li></ul><p>进入 MongoDB 容器：</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">docker</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> exec</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -it</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> mongo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> mongo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> admin</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="在-mongodb-容器中创建管理员用户" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#在-mongodb-容器中创建管理员用户"><span>在 MongoDB 容器中创建管理员用户</span></a></h3><p>先进入 admin 数据库</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">use</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> admin</span><span style="--shiki-light:#999999;--shiki-dark:#666666;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>创建管理员用户 admin, 密码 root, 角色为 root。</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">db.createUser(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> user:</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B5695977;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D77;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;">root</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B5695977;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D77;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> pwd:</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B5695977;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D77;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;">root</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B5695977;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D77;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> roles:[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B5695977;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D77;">'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;">root</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B5695977;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D77;">'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;">]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> }</span><span style="--shiki-light:#393A34;--shiki-dark:#DBD7CAEE;">)</span><span style="--shiki-light:#999999;--shiki-dark:#666666;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>退出 MongoDB 容器：</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#998418;--shiki-dark:#B8A965;">exit</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>使用 root 用户进行登录</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">docker</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> exec</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -it</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> mongo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> mongo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> admin</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -u</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> root</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> root</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>这里还能创建一个 admin 用户，用密码 admin，角色为 readWriteAnyDatabase, dbAdminAnyDatabase。</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">db.createUser(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> {</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> user:</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B5695977;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D77;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;">admin</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B5695977;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D77;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> pwd:</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B5695977;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D77;"> "</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;">admin</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B5695977;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D77;">"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> roles:[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B5695977;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D77;">'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;">readWriteAnyDatabase</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B5695977;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D77;">'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B5695977;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D77;">'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;">dbAdminAnyDatabase</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B5695977;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D77;">'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;">]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> }</span><span style="--shiki-light:#393A34;--shiki-dark:#DBD7CAEE;"> )</span><span style="--shiki-light:#999999;--shiki-dark:#666666;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>验证用户，这里会登录到 admin</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">db.auth(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">"admin"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">,</span><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">"admin"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#393A34;--shiki-dark:#DBD7CAEE;">)</span><span style="--shiki-light:#999999;--shiki-dark:#666666;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>删除用户的话可以使用，注意这里要切换回 root 用户</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">db.dropUser(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">"admin"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#393A34;--shiki-dark:#DBD7CAEE;">)</span><span style="--shiki-light:#999999;--shiki-dark:#666666;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></div><!----><!----><!----></div></main><footer class="vp-doc-footer" data-v-23f6ad98 data-v-7138e2cb><!--[--><!--]--><!----><div class="contributors" aria-label="Contributors" data-v-7138e2cb><span class="contributors-label" data-v-7138e2cb>贡献者: </span><span class="contributors-info" data-v-7138e2cb><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" 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