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<!doctype html><html lang="zh-CN"><head><meta charset="utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1" /><meta name="generator" content="VuePress 2.0.0-rc.24" /><meta name="theme" content="VuePress Theme Plume 1.0.0-rc.164" /><script id="check-mac-os">document.documentElement.classList.toggle('mac', /Mac|iPhone|iPod|iPad/i.test(navigator.platform))</script><script id="check-dark-mode">;(function () {const um= localStorage.getItem('vuepress-theme-appearance') || 'auto';const sm = window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches;const isDark = um === 'dark' || (um !== 'light' && sm);document.documentElement.dataset.theme = isDark ? 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data-v-1ae4ad7a></li><!--]--></ol></nav><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><h1 class="vp-doc-title page-title" data-v-ba8d1a1e><!----> 使用 Docker 部署 Postgres <!----></h1><div class="vp-doc-meta" data-v-ba8d1a1e><!--[--><!--]--><p class="reading-time" data-v-ba8d1a1e><span class="vpi-books icon" data-v-ba8d1a1e></span><span data-v-ba8d1a1e>约 392 字</span><span data-v-ba8d1a1e>大约 1 分钟</span></p><!----><!--[--><!--]--><p class="create-time" data-v-ba8d1a1e><span class="vpi-clock icon" data-v-ba8d1a1e></span><span data-v-ba8d1a1e>2025-12-25</span></p></div><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--><div class="_ops_docker_db_postgres_ external-link-icon-enabled vp-doc plume-content" vp-content data-v-23f6ad98><!--[--><!--]--><div data-v-23f6ad98><h2 id="在-ubuntu-上部署-postgres-实例" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#在-ubuntu-上部署-postgres-实例"><span>在 Ubuntu 上部署 Postgres 实例</span></a></h2><p>拉取 Postgres 镜像：</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">docker</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> pull</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> postgres</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><blockquote><p>[!IMPORTANT] 注意事项 从 <strong>PostgreSQL 18+</strong> 版本开始，官方镜像建议将数据目录挂载到 <code>/var/lib/postgresql</code> 而非 <code>/var/lib/postgresql/data</code>。如果你是从旧版本升级镜像，直接挂载旧目录会导致启动失败。</p></blockquote><h3 id="极简运行-postgres-实例" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#极简运行-postgres-实例"><span>极简运行 Postgres 实例</span></a></h3><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">docker</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> run</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> --restart=always</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -itd</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> --name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> postgres</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> 5432:5432</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> POSTGRES_PASSWORD=postgres</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> postgres</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>解析：</p><ul><li><code>--restart=always</code>：容器重启时自动启动。</li><li><code>-itd</code>：交互式模式运行容器，后台模式。</li><li><code>--name postgres</code>：为容器命名为 postgres。</li><li><code>-p 5432:5432</code>：将主机的 5432 端口映射到容器的 5432 端口。</li><li><code>-e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=postgres</code>：设置 Postgres 数据库的密码为 postgres。</li><li><code>postgres</code>：使用 Postgres 镜像。</li></ul><h3 id="配置-postgres-持久化实例" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#配置-postgres-持久化实例"><span>配置 Postgres 持久化实例</span></a></h3><h4 id="方案一-使用最新版本-18" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#方案一-使用最新版本-18"><span>方案一：使用最新版本 (18+)</span></a></h4><p>创建一个目录用于存储 Postgres 数据：</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">mkdir</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> /data/postgres/</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>运行 Postgres 容器：</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">docker</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> run</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> --restart=always</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -itd</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> \</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> --name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> postgres</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> \</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> 5432:5432</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> \</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> POSTGRES_PASSWORD=postgres</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> \</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -v</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> /data/postgres/:/var/lib/postgresql</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> \</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> postgres</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="方案二-固定使用旧版本-如-17" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#方案二-固定使用旧版本-如-17"><span>方案二：固定使用旧版本 (如 17)</span></a></h4><p>如果你有现存的 <code>/var/lib/postgresql/data</code> 格式数据，建议固定版本：</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">docker</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> run</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> --restart=always</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -itd</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> \</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> --name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> postgres</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> \</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> 5432:5432</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> \</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> POSTGRES_PASSWORD=postgres</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> \</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -v</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> /data/postgres/:/var/lib/postgresql/data</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> \</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> postgres:17</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>解析：</p><ul><li><code>-v /data/postgres/:/var/lib/postgresql/data</code>：将主机的 /data/postgres/ 目录挂载到容器的 /var/lib/postgresql/data 目录，用于持久化存储数据。</li></ul><h4 id="进入容器之后修改-postgres-用户密码" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#进入容器之后修改-postgres-用户密码"><span>进入容器之后修改 postgres 用户密码</span></a></h4><p>进入 Postgres 容器：</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-bash"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#59873A;--shiki-dark:#80A665;">docker</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> exec</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -it</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> postgres</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> psql</span><span style="--shiki-light:#A65E2B;--shiki-dark:#C99076;"> -U</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;"> postgres</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>解析：</p><ul><li><code>docker exec -it postgres psql -U postgres</code>：进入 Postgres 容器的 psql 命令行界面，使用 postgres 用户进行登录。 修改 postgres 用户密码为 postgres：</li></ul><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="--shiki-light:#393a34;--shiki-dark:#dbd7caee;--shiki-light-bg:#ffffff;--shiki-dark-bg:#121212;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes vitesse-light vitesse-dark vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#1E754F;--shiki-dark:#4D9375;">ALTER</span><span style="--shiki-light:#1E754F;--shiki-dark:#4D9375;"> USER</span><span style="--shiki-light:#393A34;--shiki-dark:#DBD7CAEE;"> postgres </span><span style="--shiki-light:#1E754F;--shiki-dark:#4D9375;">PASSWORD</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B5695977;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D77;"> '</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B56959;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D;">postgres</span><span style="--shiki-light:#B5695977;--shiki-dark:#C98A7D77;">'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#393A34;--shiki-dark:#DBD7CAEE;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></div><!----><!----><!----></div></main><footer class="vp-doc-footer" data-v-23f6ad98 data-v-7138e2cb><!--[--><!--]--><!----><div class="contributors" aria-label="Contributors" data-v-7138e2cb><span class="contributors-label" data-v-7138e2cb>贡献者: </span><span class="contributors-info" data-v-7138e2cb><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" data-v-7138e2cb>祀梦</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div><nav class="prev-next" data-v-7138e2cb><div class="pager" data-v-7138e2cb><a class="vp-link link pager-link prev" href="/ops/docker/db/mongodb/" data-v-7138e2cb><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-7138e2cb>上一页</span><span class="title" data-v-7138e2cb>MongoDB 部署</span><!--]--><!----></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-7138e2cb><a class="vp-link link pager-link next" href="/ops/docker/other/ETLCloud/" data-v-7138e2cb><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-7138e2cb>下一页</span><span class="title" data-v-7138e2cb>ETLCloud 部署</span><!--]--><!----></a></div></nav></footer><div id="comment" class="waline-wrapper vp-comment" vp-comment darkmode="false" style="display:block;" data-v-23f6ad98><!----></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><!--]--><button style="display:none;" type="button" class="vp-back-to-top" aria-label="back to top" data-v-f73ca3da data-v-bcf8d9a6><span class="percent" data-allow-mismatch data-v-bcf8d9a6>0%</span><span class="show icon vpi-back-to-top" data-v-bcf8d9a6></span><svg aria-hidden="true" data-v-bcf8d9a6><circle cx="50%" cy="50%" data-allow-mismatch style="stroke-dasharray:calc(0% - 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