title, createTime, permalink
| title | createTime | permalink |
|---|---|---|
| 核心语法与句型 | 2025/10/20 16:40:00 | /subject/english/grammar/ |
核心语法与句型
时态与语态
- 16 种时态的构成与用法(一般/进行/完成/完成进行 × 现在/过去/将来/过去将来)
- 被动语态的转换规则与适用场景
- 时态一致原则(主将从现、过去时一致等)
- 情态动词 + 完成体(must have done / should have done 等)的推测与虚拟含义
从句
名词性从句
- 主语从句(That he failed surprised us. / Whether she comes matters.)
- 宾语从句(I think (that) you are right.)
- 表语从句(The truth is that he lied.)
- 同位语从句(The fact that he lied shocked us.)
定语从句
- 限定性 vs. 非限定性
- 关系代词(who / whom / whose / which / that)与关系副词(when / where / why)
- 介词 + 关系代词(the house in which I live)
- 省略与替代(the book (that) I bought; the place (where) we met)
状语从句
- 时间(when / while / before / after / as soon as / until)
- 条件(if / unless / provided that / on condition that)
- 让步(though / although / even if / while)
- 原因(because / since / as / now that)
- 结果(so...that / such...that)
- 目的(so that / in order that)
- 比较(than / as...as / the more...the more)
非谓语动词
- 不定式(to do):作主语、宾语、定语、状语、补语
- 动名词(doing):作主语、宾语、表语、定语
- 现在分词(doing)与过去分词(done):作定语、状语、补语、表语
- 独立主格结构(with + O + OC; N + doing / done...)
- 非谓语动词的时态与语态(to be doing / to have done / being done / having been done)
倒装与虚拟
倒装
- 否定副词置前(Never have I seen...)
- Only + 状语置前(Only then did I realize...)
- So / Such 置前(So fast did he run that...)
- 方位/时间副词置前(Out rushed the children.)
- 虚拟条件句省略 if(Were I you... / Had I known...)
虚拟语气
- 与现在事实相反(If I were you, I would...)
- 与过去事实相反(If I had known, I would have...)
- 与将来事实相反(If it should rain tomorrow...)
- 省略 if 的倒装(Were / Should / Had...)
- 含蓄虚拟(without / but for / otherwise)
- 名词性从句中的虚拟(insist that... (should) do; It is important that... (should) do)
句式与信息焦点
强调结构
- It is / was...that / who...(It was John that/who broke the window.)
- 助动词 do / does / did(She did tell me the truth.)
- 副词强调(absolutely / definitely / simply)
分裂句(Cleft Sentence)
- 主语分裂(What I need is time.)
- 宾语分裂(What he bought was a Ferrari.)
- 状语分裂(Where we met was in Paris.)
平行与省略
- 并列结构中的省略(He likes tea and she coffee.)
- 比较结构中的省略(I like her better than him.)
- 替代(do / so / one / that / those)
插入语与同位语
- 破折号、括号、逗号插入(The book—which I bought yesterday—is amazing.)
- 同位语短语(Mr. Smith, CEO of the company, will attend.)
长难句拆解策略
- 找谓语,定主干
- 划从句,标连接词
- 去插入,还省略
- 调语序,还原文